Scientific papers
Capping is a prevalent issue in the pharmaceutical tablet manufacturing process, influenced by both process and formulation parameters. This study systematically examined the impact of the geometrical features of biconvex tablets on capping occurrence using a model formulation and a design of experiment approach. Capping was characterized by the pressure at which half of the produced tablets exhibited capping. The study varied three parameters to assess the influence of tablet geometry: diameter (D), band thickness (W), and the ratio between the radius of curvature (R) and the diameter (R/D). Results indicated that larger diameter, lower band thickness, and higher curvature (i.e., lower R/D) favored capping occurrence. Furthermore, the effects were interdependent, with cross-effects detected. Importantly, even for homothetic tablets (i.e., same R/D and W/D), it was demonstrated that a larger diameter increases capping occurrence. These findings may serve as a valuable guideline for punch selection in future tablet development.
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